1. People have a hard time remembering the order and which characters to use. The most common error I see is (text)[href]. Spaces in between the [text] and (href) is also common.
2. ( and ) are URL code points: they can exist in URLs without being percent-encoded. This means that you can’t just paste or emit regularly serialised URLs, you also need to change any ( to %28 and ) to %29.
To fix it, you start out by using <> to delimit the URL instead of (). This fixes the serialised URL problem (< and > aren’t URL code points), and it was the traditional delimition of URLs too, where delimition was required. You could say that () was common too, but I’d argue that was just normal linguistic parenthesis rather than URL delimition. Markdown even uses <> as URL delimition already, but only for links with no custom text (called “automatic links” in Gruber’s definition, “autolinks” in CommonMark): “https://example.com” is just text, “<https://example.com>” makes it a link.
As for the way of adding a title attribute to a link, that shows that the parentheses aren’t even actually delimiting the URL. And then you get into the mess that’s […] and […][…], in addition to […](…). It’s an ill-considered mess.
1. Seems unavoidable because there is no natural order for these two elements. It happens that html puts the link first but any time I’m writing I would put the link second.
2. I guess that’s fair. I think parentheses in urls are a bigger issue than parentheses in markdown though. Parentheses in urls often end up percent encoded whether they need to be or not.
> You could say that () was common too, but I’d argue that was just normal linguistic parenthesis rather than URL delimition.
Right. I would say that markdown is inspired more by linguistic styles than markup styles.
You certainly could use <>, but I actually don’t think that matches the way people usually write urls in non-markup formatting. I find it interesting that Gruber chose to use that for autolinks, though.
I do appreciate you clarifying. I see what you mean, at least with respect to all the issues around #2. The more I use markdown, though, the more I come up appreciate this format, specifically because it’s so readable as text. I think it’s a reasonable trade off.
> 1. Seems unavoidable because there is no natural order for these two elements.
There is a solution: restructure it so the href part is inside the link, rather than adjacent to, which is the real problem. reStructuredText had `text <href>`_. In that form, the trailing underscore is a wart, but there’s more justification to it than it may initially seem (where Markdown can have [text] or [text][], reStructuredText’s equivalent is text_ or `text`_). For my own lightweight markup language, I’ve been using [text <href>] for a couple of years (and had {text <href>} before that).
> Parentheses in urls often end up percent encoded whether they need to be or not.
That’s what you can expect from something implementing RFC 3986; but these days, almost everything uses WHATWG’s URL Standard <https://url.spec.whatwg.org/>, under whose rules parentheses are not percent-encoded.
> I actually don’t think that matches the way people usually write urls in non-markup formatting
I don’t really understand how reStructuredText’s approach fixes this. The fundamental thing is that you need to remember the order and the syntax. reStructuredText matches the order of Markdown (and so does not match html) but not the syntax. It also seems like a fine format.
> under whose rules parentheses are not percent-encoded.
I don’t know. I feel like half the time I end up with parens encoded. I’ll have to keep an eye on it. Maybe that behavior isn’t common anymore.
> [urls identified with <link> in plain text] used to be very common.
I don’t recall this being common but it’s possible I’m just not remembering.
Anything that doesn't force you to remember arbitrary ordering - square brackets first? Or parentheses? It's the textual equivalent of plugging in usb upside down.
An alternative would be to simply use square brackets for both clauses of the link.
The problem with this is that if you want to render this “pretty”, there’s no way to know whether the link should be “my website” or “website” or even the whole sentence. So you add brackets to clarify.
My issue is remembering that the square brackets come first, not the parentheses. I do like asciidoc's method: https://example.com for bare link, or https://example.com[pretty text] if alternate text is desired
Edit: It took me a re-read to fully understand your comment, I can see how square brackets might be an incremental addition. This may also help remember the syntax, thanks!
Excerpt from my notes when I was deciding on a link syntax for my own lightweight markup language:
AsciiDoc doesn’t actually have a real link syntax—what it has is more or less an natural consequence of other syntax choices, but isn’t actually URL-aware, and will mangle some less common URLs. Still, what you get is mostly this kind of thing:
But woe betide you if you go beyond what it supports, its techniques when you need escaping are grotesque, monstrous horrors. Seriously, when you fall off the happy path, AsciiDoc is awful.
Someone (maybe on this site) suggested to think of the bottom bars of the square brackets around the linked text to kind of frame the underline. Somehow worked really well for me, haven’t forgotten the syntax since.
This is great! Not an emacs user (as yet) but this and org-mode's /italic/ _underline_ *bold* +strike+ feel that much closer to the oft-touted "source looks kinda like formatting” ideal of markdown. Not sure why we ended up with the mediocre version as a defacto standard.
The only keyboard shortcut for org-mode and markdown-mode I consistently remember is C-c C-l for inserting links. Much easier to remember that than to remember the syntax, and the fact that both modes use the same easy-to-remember shortcut is a major win.
Sadly, most other keybindings differ between org-mode, markdown-node, and auctex. I would have loved more consistency, and often end up typing the syntax instead of tripping up keybindings.
My feeling overall is that I can't get into flow writing Markdown, there are just enough things wrong that I never feel completely comfortable while doing it.
It seems that in the HTML 5 age there is some subset of HTML which should be completely satisfying for anyone. Maybe it is custom components that work like JSX (e.g. <footnote>) or something like tailwind. Editing HTML with one eye on a live view is more pleasant for me than anything else. Every kind of rich editor that looks like Microsoft Word (esp. Word!) comes across as a dull tool where selections, navigation, and applying styles almost work. There's got to be some kind of conceptual problem at the root of it all that makes fixing it like pushing around a bubble under the rug. I want to believe in Dreamweaver but 2-second latency to process keystrokes on AMD's best CPU from 2 years ago and the incredulous attitude Adobe support has about the problem makes it a non-started [1]
[1] if I ran an OS failing to update the UI in 0.2 sec gives an immediate kill -9 and telemetry of the event will get you dropped out of the app store not much later. I'm not saying rendering has to be settled in 0.2 sec but there has to be some response that feels... responsive.
To my memory, people had been using [link](url) and similar styling for a long time on old web forums and even BBSes.
Be glad they didn’t adopt Everything2’s “pipe link” syntax: [link|url]. Or maybe it was [url|link]? It’s been well over two decades, I don’t remember anymore.
I have never heard of [text](url) being used before Markdown. “text (url)” or “text <url>”, leaving the reader to infer which words the URL applied to, sure; but among formats that provided a span for the link text, I think Markdown may have been the first to use a spelling of two adjacent delimited parts. [urltext], [text|url], [url="url"]text[/url], et cetera, seen them all.
