I think you're being a little hyperbolic. Google is classifying what is already normal human behavior. Having JavaScript disabled is definitely not "normal" human behavior. Of the stats I found only 1-2% of users don't get JS and the UK's Government Digital Service found[1] that only 0.2% of users disabled or can't support JS.
I don't think regular CAPTCHAs are going away anytime soon since any bot detection system is bound to have false positives.
Exactly. It's perfectly reasonable to present users who disable JS with a one-time CAPTCHA they have to solve to use the site. Many sites just (usually unintentionally) prevent users with Javascript disabled from navigating a site at all, so this is a huge step up from that.
I don't think regular CAPTCHAs are going away anytime soon since any bot detection system is bound to have false positives.
[1] https://gds.blog.gov.uk/2013/10/21/how-many-people-are-missi...