As you rightly point out extremes of Abuse and neglect have the most long lasting impacts on human development than nearly any other factor.
However even with those examples excluded, the amount of talking that a child is exposed to when in their developing years has significant impact on their long term development; see the "word gap" [1]. Not only that but nutritional environment (often based on parental choice) for the first 2-6 years has a massive impact on long term brain development [2].
So yes in fact parenting practices have a massive impact even when you exclude abuse and neglect.
However even with those examples excluded, the amount of talking that a child is exposed to when in their developing years has significant impact on their long term development; see the "word gap" [1]. Not only that but nutritional environment (often based on parental choice) for the first 2-6 years has a massive impact on long term brain development [2].
So yes in fact parenting practices have a massive impact even when you exclude abuse and neglect.
[1] http://www.npr.org/2013/12/29/257922222/closing-the-word-gap...
[2] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2018962/pdf/arch...