This article recommends Scratch for 12 and up. Scratch is good for kindergartners and up. The Snap fork is more appropriate for older students: http://byob.berkeley.edu/
This article recommends Lego Mindstorms for ages 9-12 (and python and ruby). The average age of people who used to buy Lego Mindstorms was 28. The box recommends it for kids over 10. Lego has a robotics kit for younger kids called WeDo. I would not introduce python or ruby to a 9 year old, unless you want them to hate programming. Teaching programming for its own sake is a recipe for disaster.
The author didn't do his homework. Alice http://www.alice.org/ is missing from the list. Also Logo is not explicitly there.
The most important issue with this kind of lists is taking programming literally. I think "pre-programming" approaches like http://mydoodlegame.com/ can be very useful before jumping to code.
CODE is an amazing book and I rarely see people mention it. I've yet to come across a resource that is so good at joining electrical engineering and computer science.
It starts with an abacus and 400 pages later of flip-flops, memory gates, and microprocessors it leaves you with a fully built modern computer.
That said, I would not put it in a beginner category. I read it after 4 years of ASM programming and building electrical gadgets and I still had to stop and reread chapters quite a few times until I got all the concepts out of it.
If you're at all interested in how all the parts in your computer interact and work together at the lowest level, READ THIS BOOK.
I continue to be excited about the current Kickstarter for "Robot Turtles", a board game targeting 3-8 year olds that's based on programming concepts. It sounds like a lot of fun. There are about two weeks left to get a copy.
"Computer Science Unplugged is a collection of free learning activities that teach Computer Science through engaging games and puzzles that use cards, string, crayons and lots of running around."
You might also want to check out my 3D game-making platform http://craftstud.io/ which has drag'n'drop scripting, easy-to-use tools for making your own animated models & maps plus real-time cooperation over the Internet.
I've taken a slightly different approach to most of the tools in the list in that my aim is to provide a platform that can actually be used for real game production. It's used to make all kinds of games by anyone ranging from 8-years-old to adults.
One more addition for the list - the Khan Academy programming tutorials - https://www.khanacademy.org/cs Very hands-on, kid-friendly (but good for adults too) - I'd recommend them for middle school and up.
Also, there's Berkeley's Snap!, which is a browser-based version of MIT's Scratch, with some advanced additions like first class procedures. (http://snap.berkeley.edu/)
This is an awesome list. I have a daughter turning 5 this december. I've been planning and making a list of to-do to introduce her to computers by next year.
Like most other kids of her generation, she is comfortable with touch devices (phones, tablets) since her 2nd birthday (I saved and gifted her an iPad-1). Now, she navigates Youtube with ease on the Mac's Trackpad and can type her name on the Keyboard. It's time to get on to real computers, and eventually programming. I'm excited.
Programmable toys are also a nice way to introduce kids to programming. I wrote my first programs (without even knowing it) on this bad boy: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Trak (well, not exactly this one, but it's Soviet counterpart called "Elektronika IM 11" or "Lunokhod")
At the bottom of the list is CodeHS[1]. I've not had much experience with many of the others but speaking from experience my son who is 8 has enjoyed the courses on there.
http://code.google.com/p/rur-ple/, a Karel-the-robot adaptation, has been used to teach Python to young kids (age 8+) in school all the way to first-year university students (some examples of these can be found on youtube) in a number of human language. Its successor http://reeborg.ca teaches Javascript (and will eventually teach Python) on the web; free with no login required.
I recommend HTDPv2[0] together with the beginner-friendly IDE Dr. Racket. It let you get started quickly and give you a good foundation to learn your next language. The choice of Scheme is also excellent from a beginners perspective since there's no syntax to learn really.
For kindergarten-2nd grade (5-8) I'd also recommend Kodable if you have an iPad. It simplifies programming concepts into a fun and interactive world where you have to guide a little fuzz ball through colored mazes. It teaches sequence, conditions, loops, functions, and even makes debugging fun!
This article recommends Scratch for 12 and up. Scratch is good for kindergartners and up. The Snap fork is more appropriate for older students: http://byob.berkeley.edu/
This article recommends Lego Mindstorms for ages 9-12 (and python and ruby). The average age of people who used to buy Lego Mindstorms was 28. The box recommends it for kids over 10. Lego has a robotics kit for younger kids called WeDo. I would not introduce python or ruby to a 9 year old, unless you want them to hate programming. Teaching programming for its own sake is a recipe for disaster.
And again it's missing so much. For coding robots to do things see sites like http://fightcodegame.com/ http://robocode.sourceforge.net/ http://www.nessbots.com/
For making games, I'd start with Scratch for < 13 kids, but for older kids see sites like http://www.playmycode.com/ http://pixieengine.com/ https://www.scirra.com/construct2