2) Right below the title, GitHub shows you which branches the commit is in. As you can see with that commit (the one that caused the problem), it's only in 3-2-stable. Therefore, not being in master, it wasn't ever in Rails 4, only in Rails 3.2.
This commit is in master and v4.0.0rc1, as GitHub shows.
I am not mega super updated on the status of this issue, as I'm not on the security team, but given that it's still open and marked as 'regression,' I would not be sure that this was fixed.
That said, this particular bug is a complex interaction between components, and people haven't mentioned if it affects master or not. Therefore it's possible that even though the fix didn't make it into 3-2-stable yet, it may not have affected master.
So, at the end of all that, I guess the answer is "I'm not 100% sure, I'd ping tenderlove," but I hope that helps you identify which commits have made it into which releases in the future.
[1] https://github.com/rails/rails/issues/9813
[2] https://github.com/blog/1440-today-s-email-incident