No. Everything in Germany has been three-phase since forever.
But especially with old houses, with any "not insignificant change" to your electrical setup, you have to bring everything up to modern standards.
Also, and connected with that, metering is weird in Germany. If your consumption rises above a certain amount (I think 10MWh for a single-family home) you are required to get a "smart meter", meaning a digital meter which includes the possibility (just the possibility, not actually the real thing) of online reporting and minute-by-minute pricing. In the rest of the world, that would just be swapping the meter or slapping some Wifi-to-IR-interface on it, but not so in Germany. You need to install a new metering cabinet that provides space for at least one digital meter (but better provide more than one...), one remote control receiver (for old-style night/day tariff switches, obsoleted by smart meters but still required nonetheless) and a smart meter gateway. That new metering cabinet needs to conform to standards set by your local electricity supplier (which can be as small as a city), so there is no nation-wide standards, more like 50 of them. And the metering cabinet is huge, not someting like the 30x40cm thing you see on sidewalks in spain or something, no. More like 200x140cm in the smallest(!) version. So those are really expensive just because the market is tiny and the requirements are completely crazy: Even though most smart meter gateways are wireless nowadays (UMTS or GSM) and usually such a gateway won't be installed anyways (because just the possibility of installing one is required), you also need to provide for cabled internet uplink to the metering cabinet. That uplink is a Cat6 cable to the gateway, but it crosses through the electrical uplink part of the cabinet. So the insulation of that cable has to be certified for at least 10kV insulation voltage, at least 80A current on the shielding and more stuff like that. So e.g. just that one stupid half-meter Cat6 cable will set you back 50Eur. Installation isn't any less crazy. You definitely cannot do anything yourself. Even your licensed electrician can only do the menial preparations. When your licensed electrician is done with the prep, you request an appointment with the local supplier's meter installer, who, after a typical wait time of 2 months, will install and seal the meter in the presence of your licensed electrician (who is there to receive complaints about incorrect prep, followed by another 2 months wait time for another appointment...).
That's why it's 4kEur...
And if you want your power to be a few cents cheaper (28ct/kWh instead of the usual 35ct/kWh), you need an extra meter for your heat pump. Have solar? Another extra meter. Want to charge your electrical car? You guessed right. And you cannot bring your own. Each of those "smart" meters has to be rented from your local supplier at around 20 to 120Eur/year.
Ok.
For once, I’m glad to be Italian :-D Here the national grid operator has installed smart meters. They support remote management of limits (maximum power in watts, tariffs, time-of-use tariffs), remote meter reading by the operator or local access plus an app, remote diagnostics, and simplified installation (strict rules and operator intervention, but in the end nothing particularly complex).
OK, but what about the rest of the price difference? Once the electrical is taken care of it should just be a matter of replacing the furnace and pulling some tubes and wires to the outer unit? You said 40k, but the heat pump itself isn’t even 10k.
The biggest factor is almost certainly the subsidy for switching to a heatpump.
But there are other factors as well. Air to Air heatpumps are uncommon in Germany, we usually install Air to Water ones, which are more complex. Unlike other countries, our heat pumps are usually mounted on a concrete slab and not on the wall. Then there are some norms for quality of the water, etc. they aim to increase the lifespan of the system, but increase upfront costs
AFAIK we do all of that in Sweden. The 12k I mentioned above is if a large air to water pump suitable for the northernmost of Sweden. It includes a water heater and direct electric heating element for when temperature go below -15.
And why do subsidies INCREASE the price in Germany compared to Sweden?
In the US, the subsidy is paid only when the heat pump is installed by a certified contractor. Unshockingly, the certified contractors are able to capture the vast majority of the subsidy as additional profit.
Here the upgrades for meters are paid for by the grid operators. No changes to the cabinets are required, old analog meters were replaced by them for smart meters, at no extra cost to the consumer, and now they will replace them with new meters capable of metering by 15 minute interval.
This cost in germany is really only created by overregulation and insane bureaucrats creating work for them.
I first heard that in Germany there is much resistance to smart meters and I thought they were just silly people, but if it costs so much..
no people are stupid. Smart meters are paid by the grid operator like everywhere else. Friends of mine got one and it was 25€ a year for it.
Yes germans are very stupid. we fight everything new because we think this country worked rly well in the 80s and thats where we want to be 1980
Digital and Smart thats for othet countries.
I got air air heatpumps for 3 rooms 1000€ a room and it slashed my heating cost to 1/3. And I have to explain that its not foor cooling but for heating and then the response is " heatpumps are like 20k plus you liar" or " heatpumps dont work in the cold" ... germans
Still many people dont switch because the read somewhere about magic costs that dont exist. Russian Gas propaganda is big here
