A lighttable is literally a table with a light source under the table body and was used to easily and quickly "see" your developed film strips or frames to pick what you want "printed" on paper. There is also the term "loupe", which derives from the magnifying tool used to see details on the otherwise quite small negatives.

Darkroom is a dark room where you can print your negatives on photo sensitive paper, you need the room to be dark, so ambient light doesn't affect the print process.

These two terms have nothing to do with Adobe.