Hardly just an Android issue. North American bought iPhones don't work - these can also end up as refurbished models sold locally. This doesn't just affect grey market imports but also tourists.
iPhones all come with the same radios and they work globally that’s one of the great things about iPhones assuming they are carrier unlocked which I’m pretty sure they have been for many years globally
That's only partially true for recent iPhones. Even the latest ones don't have LTE band 71 support outside of certain countries. North American iPhone 11s don't have LTE band 28 support and so are getting banned.
The original iphone SE still works fine for voLTE. That's an 8 year old device. Any older and yeah they won't work.
However, Android it's not so clear since it's possible to buy a recent cheap chinese phone without the correct carrier profiles that would be falling back to 3G for calls.