The probabilistic sampling of tokens does not naturally produce introspective evaluation of confidence, it enforces a highest probability token selection (in greedy sampling). The paper that you linked demonstrates that if a separate evaluation phase is allowed then a model can decide with some accuracy whether its previous statements were true. This is not the behavior we want out of a system as it involves 1. Production of potentially misleading output 2. The identification of factual statements within that output 3. The classification of each of those statements and 4. Restatement of the original output without factual errors. The research area that I am advocating for would aim to prevent 1 not mask it.