Since macOS does not have /dev/full, I think what is actually happening here is your bash shell fails to create a file named "full" in "/dev" and so the bash shell exits with an error; this has nothing to do with node.js.
Now I'm curious about another interesting question. Should bash be the one that handle the error and exit code in this case? Since it seems to be responsible for handing the piping operation.
If by 'in this case' you mean the problem mentioned by the linked article, then no. The shell is not 'responsible for handling the piping operation'. It creates the pipe, but is not responsible for moving data through it.
