I actually read through all of these (the summaries, not the papers) in the process of writing the TLA+ wikipedia article. Some favorites:

* On the oft-misunderstood significance of the bakery algorithm: https://lamport.azurewebsites.net/pubs/pubs.html#bakery

* On submitting an algorithm with a bug in it, thus arousing interest in verifying concurrent algorithms (culminating decades later in the development of TLA+): https://lamport.azurewebsites.net/pubs/pubs.html#proving

* On how nobody has actually read his most famous paper (Time, Clocks...): https://lamport.azurewebsites.net/pubs/pubs.html#time-clocks

* Hanging out, drinking beer at Dijkstra's house: https://lamport.azurewebsites.net/pubs/pubs.html#new-approac...

* On creating the first (impractical) digital signature algorithm: https://lamport.azurewebsites.net/pubs/pubs.html#dig-sig

* A several-times-rejected paper which then became one of the most cited in the field of temporal logic: https://lamport.azurewebsites.net/pubs/pubs.html#sometime

* A lifelong source of fascination, the arbiter problem: https://lamport.azurewebsites.net/pubs/pubs.html#buridan

* The creation of LaTeX: https://lamport.azurewebsites.net/pubs/pubs.html#latex

* On presenting the first paxos paper in an Indiana Jones outfit, to widespread incomprehension: https://lamport.azurewebsites.net/pubs/pubs.html#lamport-pax...

I'll stop here because basically every single summary is fun and worth reading.