Tiobe and PYPL are not market share indices, they're googling indices. I'd be very surprised if Rust really has 1/20 of C++'s market share as in number of companies and programmers that use it.
True, they are not great indices. Indeed.com shows me around 40 times more job openings for C++ and StackOverflow shows 14 times more C++ questions this year. Github shows 12 times more commits in C++ this year. None of these are great by themselves but a guess of around 20x seems reasonable.
Not really... Rust 1.0 is from mid-2015, well past 2011.