Gilead bought Pharmasset for about $10B after clinical trials were complete on their $84k HepC drug. The R&D was priced in to that acquisition. Medicare and Medicaid spent $10B on that drug in 2015 alone (https://www.statnews.com/pharmalot/2016/11/14/medicare-medic...). Our current public health economics are very distorted and institutions are not set up to create affordable outcomes.