No one is excusing Microsoft, everyone is freaking out and fear mongering about Windows 10 but no one seems to care that the computers we carry around in our pockets daily tracking even more information. People are using their phones more than their PCs these days for internet activities, their phones carry all of their contact information (not just email addresses), they know where we are, where we've been, how active we are, and dozens of other things that PCs don't even begin to track. But no one seems to be outraged about that, they laugh at things like Blackphone and say it's for paranoid alarmists. If we're going to get outraged, lets spread it around and not just hate on Microsoft who happens to be very late to the party.
With phones, it's easy - do not sign in with Google Account. There's no need to flash custom firmware, getting custom hardware, etc. Just do not use your Google Account and be picky about the apps you are going to install.
Yes, it is possible to use Android phone like this. I used it for several years this way - my contacts, calendar and email came from Exchange clone (Kerio) using ActiveSync.
The freaking out regarding Windows is, that you cannot opt out. You don't sign in with Microsoft Account? Does not matter, it will send data anyway. You turn off everything, that is possible to turn off? Does not matter, it will send data anyway. And that's all for something, that was not necessary in older versions - the impression is, that something was taken from you.
Actually it's not that easy because Google Services will transmit data back to Google even if you're not logged in. At a minimum it transmits back statistical information but it's not entirely clear what is sent. Which is just like with Windows 10, we don't know exactly what's being transmitted.
That excuse appeared in discussions at HN several times already and compares apples to oranges.