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Re mental health - this is extremely interesting if it turns out to be correct. Thanks for sharing


It seems like yet another misunderstanding of a series of complex problems by promising a simple one-stop solution. Maybe it'll work for some things, but it's also making claims that something like PTSD can be sorted out via a mitochondria flush, which doesn't make any sense to me.


You'd be aiding in one-half of the issue though (environment/internal).


Maybe that would help, but the claim is that mitochondrial dysfunction is the source of every "literally, the entire DSM" mental disorder, and that is an unbelievable claim, especially when the DSM runs the gamut from PTSD to Erectile Dysfunction to Caffeine Withdrawal. It says to me that it's a poorly considered claim.


You sound very certain of yourself. Yet you cite no evidence at all except your gut feeling. Let's review these so-called "poorly considered claims":

(2014) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24845118/

"Evidence suggests that alterations in mitochondrial morphology, brain energy metabolism, and mitochondrial enzyme activity may be involved in the pathophysiology of different neuropsychiatric disorders"

(2021) https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8291901/

"we provide a focused narrative review of the currently available evidence supporting the involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction in mood disorders"

(2022) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36181925/

"Increasing experimental evidence supports a role for mitochondrial dysfunctions in neuropsychiatric disorders. "

(2024) https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S01497...

"We summarize the existing literature on mitochondrial dynamics perturbations in psychiatric disorders/neuropsychiatric phenotypes"

While psychology today ain't a scientific journal, they provide an excellent summary, providing that evidence is both widespread and well known. https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/the-therapy-center/2...

Dr. Chris Palmer's book "Brain Energy" is a good introduction to the body of research. Dozens of pages of citations, you can judge for yourself how well-considered they are. - "Mitochondrial dysfunction has been found in a wide range of diagnoses that include pretty much every symptom found in psychiatry".

"Pretty much every symptom" is not going hard enough. There has yet to be a single psychiatric symptom that isn't theoretically and empirically linked to metabolic dysfunction. The only symptoms he left out were the ones which have no published research!

And finally, just this week Forbes had a feature about it. Again, not a sci journal but there's enough interest to name it the "quiet revolution underway in psychiatry". https://www.forbes.com/sites/jessepines/2025/04/05/could-mit...

---

Do you still feel that the metabolic theory of mental illness is an unbelievable claim, poorly considered?

It may not be THE only answer. But at the very least, this theory is well supported with decades of research and deserves serious consideration.


Yes, I still believe that saying it will cure every single condition in the DSM is a poorly considered claim. I am in no way qualified to evaluate every study, nor do I have access to them, but the fact that there are a lot of persuasive pop science books about it makes me more dubious, not less.


Hmm I feel this might just be nostalgia at play. I've not played any Anno games, but comparing the two side-by-side and 1800 looks leaps & bounds better to me. 1602 looks like it was drawn in MS Paint.


Ha, my first Anno was 1503. Guess what in my mind is the prettiest Anno! 1404 and 1800 are nice too I guess. o:-)

(A friend’s mum was famous among us kids because she could play 1602 well, I always got bankrupted by tools. How did she do it!!)


I've played them all in order and also think 1503 is the stand-out


Of course it does :) The two games are decades apart and 1800 was known to require quite a beefy PC to run good when it came out.

My point was 1602 holds up visually in a sense of doing it’s job assisting the game mechanics, something most modern games often fail and over complicate. Also.. nostalgia.


> my key takeaway is that they should really read the room

I guarantee the pool of people who really care about those issues/are affected by them is tiny. For example, I use my MacBook daily and haven't noticed any Spotlight issues. I have an iPad too - what's wrong with it? This is coming from someone who works in tech, the average Joe isn't gonna care.

I for one am happy to see an app like this. Currently the only way to get my friends together is through a group chat, and it's always a mess.


You should see what the app actually _does_, which is fairly useless. I would describe it, but Michael Tsai already did it for me: https://mjtsai.com/blog/2025/02/04/apple-invites/


These are great examples. Also an excellent technique for relaying project updates to non-technical managers


I asked Gemini 2.0 Flash (with my voice) whether it natively understands audio or is converting my voice to text. It replied:

"That's an insightful question. My understanding of your speech involves a pipeline first. Your voice is converted to text and then I process the text to understand what you're saying. So I don't understand your voice directly but rather through a text representation of it."

Unsure if this is a hallucination, but is disappointing if true.

Edit: Looking at the video you linked, they say "native audio output", so I assume this means the input isn't native? :(


Native audio output won't be in general availability until early next year.

If you're using Gemini in aistudio(not sure about the real-time API but everything else) then it has native audio input


As someone who you'd probably refer to as one of the "younger folks", I think part of it is a coping mechanism. The outside world looks incredibly bleak. Most of my friends and housemates appear burnt out or have a depressed outlook on the state of the world - politics, global warming, house/rent prices, crumbling healthcare, dating (which in today's world means swiping on an app), competitive work life, social pressures (exacerbated by instagram, tiktok, etc), gym, seemingly no time in the world to do anything.

Perhaps it's just because I live in London, but this a snapshot of my social circle right now. It's also no secret that the West is suffering from a mental health crisis.

With the weight of the world looming over me, a nice meal for lunch is about the only thing keeping me together (being slightly sarcastic here).

I do wonder, was it always this way? Genuine question - did you ever feel this way in your 20s/30s? Did your friends?


We didn't have the same ... internet selling us on doom and gloom. Not saying that there aren't legit concerns, but I think the internet and its citizens certainly promote, reward, and consume negativity more than anything else. It skews things.

I worry a lot of folks just sort of live in the reality they consume on the internet, don't make their own space of sorts.


I would definitely agree with you there, but I also can't blame people for consuming such media. It's incredibly difficult to bury your head in the sand/avoid all media in today's ultra-connected world. Even if I were to ditch my phone, my friends would still be talking about it.

I hope though my perspective in my earlier comment might give you some insight into the general psyche of (at least some) younger folks.


Yes, young people feel the future is uncertain and that can be scary. It has always been this way. It might be worse today because you have a device in your pocket that is interested in keeping you anxious and clicking/swiping/scrolling compulsively. If you don't make an effort to control it, it will just suck you down a dark path.

My approach to this is:

- Stop watching the news, or paying attention to politics. You have almost certainly no control over anything they are reporting and almost none of it affects you in any way. I didn't pay any attention to the presidential race, for example. None of it was going to change my vote. I didn't watch the election night coverage; I watched a ball game and went to bed. I figured I'd hear the outcome the next day, I had zero control over it anyway so why stress about it?

- Cut down on social media. It's unnatural and unhealthy. Do more stuff that requires face-to-face interactions with people. Use social media as a communications tool to set this stuff up, but don't follow celebrities or people you don't know personally. Turn off all alerts that are not from your personal contacts. Don't like or forward memes. Try going places without your phone, to build up comfort at being without it or not constantly checking it. You know that until 15-20 years ago almost nobody had a phone when they were away from home.


These are things that I know intuitively but sometimes we need to be reminded. Thanks, appreciate it :)


When I was in my 20's George W Bush was president of the US, Tony Blair was supporting him 100% on the importance of invading Iraq, and then when I was 26 the bottom dropped out of the economy in the worst economic crash since 1929. So yeah, life wasn't great! Part of why now seems worse is that underlying trends kept getting worse- both US specific things like healthcare and college loans, plus things across the Anglosphere like real estate, and things across the world like climate- but I think a bigger part of it is the lack of real alternatives and the "End of History."

It seems clear to me that the 1930's everyone was down too: between The Great War, the Influenza Pandemic, and then the Great Depression everyone was clear that the world was on the wrong track and couldn't continue the way it was going. Depending on their particular biases, lots of people ended up thinking Fascism was the answer, and lots others thought that Communism was the answer, but not nearly as many thought that (small-l) liberal democratic capitalism was the way to keep going- the world of 1932 seemed to discredit that entire mode of living. A fascinating book _Fear Itself: The New Deal and the Origins of Our Time_ by Ira Katznelson argues that the American leaders who built the New Deal were aware of that, and that they created the New Deal in conscious opposition to either Fascism or Communism. Unless they acted RIGHT NOW, with a response of sufficient scale to offer something better one or the other would inevitably take power.

And today, decades after the end of the Cold War, leaders and people largely can't conceptualize any other way of organizing people and power, and if they do it's largely in dystopic stuff like "what if companies ruled everything." (This is what Francis Fukuyama meant by the End of History, not that events would stop but that the great struggle of how best to organize people and power was decided and capitalism and democracy won.) Which has meant that we're right back in the same situation, but no one seems to be taking seriously the threat of losing the fruits of the Enlightenment, so they aren't acting with sufficient vigor or scale to deal with the scope of the problem.


Why? As a laymen (who knows nothing about "T cells") the analogy helps


I'm not sure I understand the "map" part of this. What does the geography represent exactly?


looks like t-SNE projection


What does each axis represent?

What is the significance of the placement of each cluster?


In t-SNE, the distances in the feature vector space are preserved in the projected space. IIRC, these distances serve as boundary conditions to a stochastic diffusion problem. The actual positions and the orientation are allowed to be free variables.


At every tech company I've worked at, 99% of the software engineers are using company provided MacBooks (if that counts).


If it works for you it must work for everyone. I guess the reports on the linked site and in this thread must be wrong


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